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A zoom lens is a mechanical assembly of lenses whose focal length can be changed, as opposed to a prime lens, which has a fixed focal length.
Zoom lenses should not be confused with telephoto lenses, those with large focal lengths. While many zoom lenses provide telephoto capabilities, others are wide-angle zooms, that is, they have shorter than normal focal lengths, and still others cover a range from wide-angle to telephoto.
The situation is further confused by the fact that some digital cameras use electronic manipulation of the image to increase or decrease its size. This is commonly known as digital zoom and results in a much lower quality image than optical zooming.
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